How To Turn Cocaine Into Crack Without Baking Soda
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Simply put, crack cocaine is the solid, rock-like form taken when cocaine bicarbonate is made. Although there are other methods, most often, this drug is made by adding sodium bicarbonate (also known as baking soda) to cocaine hydrochloride powder.
The difference between street cocaine, freebase cocaine, and crack rocks are mainly seen in additives and processing once the drug leaves South America. The process of cooking crack is done by adding baking soda and heat to cocaine powder. Freebase cocaine is usually considered the result of using ammonia or ether to separate cocaine from its base without the use of baking soda.
For those struggling with a crack addiction, it is a bit of a different matter. Turning cocaine powder into crack or freebase cocaine is more about the effect. In short: turning your cocaine into crack allows it to be smoked much more readily, delivering a powerful and intense high. Unfortunately, chasing this form of cocaine high can (and likely will) lead you to some very dark places.
The whole process does not take long whether the solution is prepared in a spoon, a vial, or even a shot glass. Add a ration of several parts of cocaine to baking soda (not baking powder) and even the smallest degree of heat or flame.
Aside from this, when it comes to the illegal drug manufacturing and distribution industry, crack cocaine can turn significantly higher profits when compared to regular cocaine. This is primarily because the substance is cheaper to produce.
Cocaine may be modified by drug dealers into crack cocaine in batches before or after being smuggled across international borders, and some consumers even choose to convert small amounts of cocaine powder into crack cocaine at home.
Making crack cocaine with baking powder is a relatively simple process. The drug is mixed into a solution of water and either sodium bicarbonate (baking soda, though ammonia may sometimes be used instead) and boiled until a solid substance is formed and removed from the mixture.
Recipes for crack cocaine are readily available online, and it's a relatively simple task to convert cocaine into crack. You only need a few household chemicals and basic chemistry knowledge [sources: Erowid, National Geographic].
Cocaine hydrochloride, which is cocaine in its powdered form, is primarily producedfrom the leaves of one of two species of erythroxylon plants -- erythroxylon coca orerythroxylon novogranatense --that are found principally in Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia.In one of the most commonly used procedures, coca leaves are pulverized; mixed with analkaline material (e.g., baking soda), an organic solvent (e.g., kerosene,benzol, or gasoline), and water, and then shaken. The water and leaves are then discarded.An acid (e.g., sulfuric acid) is mixed with the solution to remove residualsolvents. Baking soda is added and the mixture is dried, creating a putty-like substancecalled \"coca paste\" or \"basuco.\"
In some South American countries, the paste itself is smoked instead of being furtherprocessed into powder. The practice of smoking coca paste has never been popularized inthe United States . Coca paste is almost invariably converted into powder cocaine in theproducing country before being exported to the United States. This is accomplished by,first, dissolving coca paste in hydrochloric acid and water, and then adding potassiumsalt, which causes undesirable substances to separate from the mixture. When ammonia isadded to the remaining solution, powder cocaine precipitates out, and is then removed anddried. While the active ingredient in powder cocaine -- cocaine alkaloid -- does notdiffer from that in coca paste or crack, the salt that is added during this processrenders cocaine hydrochloride unsmokeable.(1) However, thesalt renders the cocaine hydrophilic: i.e., readily dissolvable in water. Thus,cocaine hydrochloride can be mixed with liquid and injected into the bloodstream orinsufflated (snorted) and absorbed through the nasal mucous membranes. Injecting andinsufflating are referred to as \"routes of administration.\"
The route of administration determines the rate at which a drug is absorbed into thebloodstream, which in turn determines the intensity of the body's reaction to a drug.Absorption of a drug is affected by two factors: the amount of blood flowing to the siteof consumption and the surface area over which the drug is absorbed. When cocaine isadministered through nasal insufflation, it is absorbed through the relatively small nasalmucosa in the nasal cavity. It appears in the bloodstream three to five minutes afteradministration; maximum psychotropic effect is achieved in 20 minutes; and the effects aresustained for roughly one hour after peak effect. When cocaine is injected, it immediatelyreaches the bloodstream; reaches the brain within one minute; maximum psychotropic effectis reached in four minutes; and the effects linger for about 30 minutes. Injecting andinsufflating are inefficient routes of administration when compared to smoking, thecharacteristics of which are described below.
Since the 1970s, cocaine hydrochloride has been converted into one of two forms ofsmokeable cocaine base, freebase cocaine or crack cocaine. Both are referred to as\"cocaine base,\" because both are in the chemical base state and can therefore besmoked. Freebase cocaine was used by a small community of affluent cocaine users duringthe 1970s and early 1980s. Although crack may have been used during the same timeframe, itdid not gain notoriety until the early 1980s.
Crack cocaine is created through a process that is substantially similar to that usedto create freebase, except without the use of volatile chemicals. Powder cocaine isdissolved in a solution of sodium bicarbonate and water. The solution is boiled and asolid substance separates from the boiling mixture. When this solid substance is removedand allowed to dry, the resulting chunks or \"rocks\" of cocaine are\"crack.\"
The Mercury News' second claim was that Ross' success as a drug dealer wasunique, owing to his unprecedented ties to a Colombian cocaine dealer. According to thearticles, Ross was the first black, South Central Los Angeles drug dealer to cultivate arelationship with a Colombian cocaine trafficker. As a consequence, Ross purportedlybecame the sole conduit for affordable, Colombian cocaine into the untapped blackcommunities of South Central Los Angeles. Since Blandon's Colombian supplier was Ross'source for the cheap cocaine that flooded the streets of South Central Los Angeles in themid-1980s, the Mercury News dubbed Blandon \"the Johnny Appleseed of crack inCalifornia -- the Crips' and Bloods' first direct-connect to the cocaine cartels ofColombia.\"
The OIG investigation found little to support the Mercury News' claimsconcerning Ross' and Blandon's allegedly seminal roles in the proliferation of crackcocaine in Los Angeles. The OIG uncovered even less evidence to support the allegationsconcerning Ross' and Blandon's roles in the spread of crack cocaine across the nation. Weuncovered conflicting evidence of the singularity of Ross' ties to Colombian dealers. Rossmay indeed have been one of the first black dealers in South Central Los Angeles to forgea tie, through Blandon, to a Colombian supplier. However, the significance of that fact isdebatable; other black South Central dealers who were Ross' contemporaries found their ownColombian cocaine suppliers either in the same timeframe or shortly after Ross did, andwithout Blandon's assistance.
There is no doubt that Ricky Ross created a massive distribution network that pouredenormous amounts of crack into Los Angeles, and elsewhere, during the mid-1980s. One ofthe more challenging aspects of our inquiry has been to reconcile, or choose between,conflicting accounts by Blandon and Ross. Both admit to participating in repeated,large-scale drug transactions, but they differ on the duration of their drug dealing andthe quantity of cocaine sold. And each man's account has itself varied over time.
Some of Ross' estimates of his cocaine sales have far exceeded the 2000 to 3000 kiloestimate he made in 1991. Ross told the OIG that, in 1983 and 1984, he frequently gotabout 100 kilograms a week from Blandon and about 40 kilograms a week from Edgar andJacinto Torres, two of Blandon's competitors who sold to Ross until 1987. If this patternof purchases occurred consistently for only a single year, this would amount to close to8000 kilograms. Ross also estimated that Blandon sold him between 500 and 700 kilogramsevery month. During his 1996 testimony, Ross claimed that during his peak year, 1985, hemade $200,000,000 and he told the Mercury News that \"it was not uncommon ...to move $2 million or $3 million worth of crack in one day.\" These figures appear tobe exaggerated. According to his 1991 testimony, Ross first became a millionaire in 1984or 1985. It seems unlikely that his profits increased two-hundredfold in a single year.Moreover, Ross told the Los Angeles Times in 1994 that, when he laid all of hismoney on a living room floor in 1986 and counted it, it totaled $2.8 million.
Ross told the Mercury News: \"I'm not saying I wouldn't have been a dopedealer without Danilo ... But I wouldn't have been Freeway Rick.\" This is far fromclear. Blandon was certainly a major supplier, but there were plenty of others. Ross wasan ambitious entrepreneur who thrived in optimal market conditions: the Colombian cocaineglut had reduced cocaine prices, and crack was well-suited for cheap, easy production andsimple, ready-to-use distribution. But crack's effects and affordability made it extremelypopular among drug users and accessible to the poor. These factors were more responsiblethan anything else for the rise of crack cocaine. And they were not a creation of RickyRoss, Danilo Blandon, or any other individual. [See Appendix B for discussion of theaddiction and the pharmacology of crack cocaine and Appendix C for a discussion of thehistory of cocaine.]
A 1994 DEA report identified the substance that was being smoked in the Bahamas as\"crack.\"(57) The report stated that crackcocaine first appeared in the early 1980s, when several nations in the Caribbean reporteddrug users smoking coca paste mixed with baking soda, water, or rum, called \"bakingsoda paste,\" \"base-rock,\" \"gravel,\" and \"roxanne.\" Thisis the same recipe for crack that Detective Kotero recalled being used on the streets ofLos Angeles in the early 1980s. 153554b96e